
The Power of Words, the Media, "Alternative Facts," Memes, and rumors
Driving Question and Overview
The Driving Question- A question that encapsulates the entire unit. It should be very general / open-ended and lead to many secondary questions.
Driving Question for this PBL unit: How are opinions formulated?
Sub Questions:
1. Why is it important to consider different viewpoints before formulating an opinion?
2. What role does communication have in formulating opinions?
3. Who produces information and transmits it?
4. How does the media impact the spread of information?
5. What role does the method of delivery of information play in people accepting messages as factual?
6. How is social media impacting communication?
7. How can communication impact one person's life?
8. What makes a communicated message credible?
9. How has communication changed over the past 100 years?
10. Is social media enhancing our lives?
11. How should people be held accountable for the things they say or write?
12. What role does propaganda have in changing or enhancing opinions?
13. What makes news stories credible?
14. What responsibilities do those who transmit information have with regard to substantiating the information itself?
15. What are some ways to determine which news stories are credible and which are not?
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1. Compare and contrast differences in similar themes expressed in different time periods.
2. Evaluate the connection between forms of narration (e.g., unreliable, omniscient) and tone in works of fiction.
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3. Synthesize and make logical connections between ideas and details in several texts selected to reflect a range of viewpoints on the same topic and support those findings with textual evidence.
4. Evaluate how messages presented in media reflect social and cultural views in ways different from traditional texts.
​5. Explain shifts in perspective in arguments about the same topic and evaluate the accuracy of the evidence used to support the different viewpoints within those arguments.
7. Analyze how messages in media are conveyed through visual and sound techniques (e.g., editing, reaction shots, sequencing, background music).
8. Examine how individual perception or bias in coverage of the same event influences the audience.
9. Plan a first draft by selecting the correct genre for conveying the intended meaning to multiple audiences, determining appropriate topics through a range of strategies (e.g., discussion, background reading, personal interests, interviews), and developing a thesis or controlling idea.
10. Revise drafts to improve style, word choice, figurative language, sentence variety, and subtlety of meaning after rethinking how well questions of purpose, audience, and genre have been addressed.
11. Revise final draft in response to feedback from peers and teacher and publish written work for appropriate audiences.
12. Formulate a plan for engaging in research on a complex, multi-faceted topic.
13. Brainstorm, consult with others, decide upon a topic, and formulate a major research question to address the major research topic.
14. Evaluate the relevance of information to the topic and determine the reliability, validity, and accuracy of sources (including Internet sources) by examining their authority and objectivity.
15. Provide an analysis for the audience that reflects a logical progression of ideas and a clearly stated point of view.
​16. Use graphics and illustrations to help explain concepts where appropriate.
​17. Evaluate how the style and structure of a speech support or undermine its purpose or meaning.
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Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Technology Applications
Subchapter C. High School (http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/rules/tac/chapter126/ch126c.html)
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(c) Knowledge and skills.
(1) Creativity and innovation. The student develops products and generates new understanding by extending existing knowledge. The student is expected to:
(A) investigate and explore various career opportunities within the computer science field and report findings through various media;
(B) create and publish interactive stories, games, and animations;
(C) create and publish interactive animations;
(D) create algorithms for the solution of various problems;
(E) create web pages using a mark-up language;
(F) use the Internet to create and publish solutions; and
(G) design creative and effective user interfaces.
(2) Communication and collaboration. The student communicates and collaborates with peers to contribute to his or her own learning and the learning of others. The student is expected to:
(A) seek and respond to advice from peers and professionals in evaluating problem solutions;
(B) debug and solve problems using reference materials and effective strategies; and
(C) publish information in a variety of ways such as print, monitor display, web pages, and video.
(3) Research and information fluency. The student locates, analyzes, processes, and organizes data. The student is expected to:
(A) construct appropriate electronic search strategies;
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(5) Digital citizenship. The student explores and understands safety, legal, cultural, and societal issues relating to the use of technology and information. The student is expected to:
(A) discuss copyright laws/issues and model ethical acquisition of digital information by citing sources using established methods;
(B) demonstrate proper digital etiquette and knowledge of acceptable use policies when using networks, especially resources on the Internet and on intranets;
(C) investigate measures such as passwords or virus detection/prevention to protect computer systems and databases from unauthorized use and tampering;
(D) understand the safety risks associated with the use of social networking sites;
(E) discuss the impact of computing and computing related advancements on society; and
(F) determine the reliability of information available through electronic media.
21st Century Learning Skills (Available at www.iste.org/standards):
1. Creativity and innovation
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Students demonstrate creative thinking, construct knowledge, and develop innovative products and processes using technology.
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Apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products, or processes
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Create original works as a means of personal or group expression
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Use models and simulations to explore complex systems and issues
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Identify trends and forecast possibilities
2. Communication and collaboration
Students use digital media and environments to communicate and work collaboratively, including at a distance, to support individual learning and contribute to the learning of others.
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Interact, collaborate, and publish with peers, experts, or others employing a variety of digital environments and media
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Communicate information and ideas effectively to multiple audiences using a variety of media and formats
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Develop cultural understanding and global awareness by engaging with learners of other cultures
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Contribute to project teams to produce original works or solve problems
3. Research and information fluency
Students apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information.
a. Plan strategies to guide inquiry
b. Locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and ethically use information from a variety of sources and media
c. Evaluate and select information sources and digital tools based on the appropriateness to specific tasks
d. Process data and report results
4. Critical thinking, problem solving,
and decision making
Students use critical thinking skills to plan
and conduct research, manage projects, solve problems, and make informed decisions using appropriate digital tools and resources.
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Identify and define authentic problems and significant questions for investigation
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Plan and manage activities to develop a solution or complete a project
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Collect and analyze data to identify solutions and/or make informed decisions
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Use multiple processes and diverse perspectives to explore alternative solutions
5. Digital citizenship
Students understand human, cultural, and societal issues related to technology and practice legal and ethical behavior.
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Advocate and practice safe, legal, and responsible use of information and technology
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Technology operations and concepts
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Students demonstrate a sound understanding
of technology concepts, systems, and operations. -
Understand and use technology systems
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Select and use applications effectively and productively
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Troubleshoot systems and applications
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Transfer current knowledge to learning of new technologies
Gifted and Talented Standards addressed
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Products (written): 1 page essay, blog entries, Google Slides content, Script created
Performance / Public presentation: Students present final podcast and results / Google Slides overview to panel of experts from media, education, etc.
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Student process record: Kept via Edublogs.
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7 E Model::
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-Elicit—Access and ascertain prior knowledge and understanding:- Students consider driving question and sub-questions. Students listen to guest speakers (one who speaks about role of social media in hiring; one who discusses history associated with "War of the Worlds". Students listen to original "War of the Worlds" broadcast and read article related to the panic the broadcast caused. Additionally, students have conversations with people involved with deciding scholarship awards and how improper posts on social media impact how awards are given, along with media experts and history experts.
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-Engage—Generate enthusiasm and stimulate interest and thinking- Students consider links to articles about recent rumors that were portrayed as actual news stories (i.e. Ebola Zombies in Africa) and brainstorm ways that such rumors could have impacted others (beyond what is mentioned in the articles).
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-Explore—Provide opportunities to observe, record data, design experiments, interpret results, organize findings- Students explore what is trending on Twitter and decide upon one unsubstantiated rumor that may make the basis of a good script and podcast / video. The idea is to create a podcast / video that is realistic enough to "convince" others that the rumor is actually true (like "War of the Worlds"). Students will incorporate Ethos, Logos, Pathos, and other types of evidence, along with a convincing tone, to "convince" listeners that the news in the podcast / video is accurate.
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-Explain—Introduce models, laws, and theories- Students learn about Memetic theory and the idea that rumors are "living organisms" that "spread" like information "spreads" through DNA.
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-Elaborate—Provide opportunities to apply knowledge to new domains-Students apply new knowledge "Memetic theory" and knowledge of how information is disseminated / history of problematic rumors to create script and podcast / video meant to be realistic enough to "convince" those who hear it that the rumor upon which the podcast is based is true.
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-Evaluate—Provide formative and summative assessment opportunities, including self-reflection (see below)-
Formative:
1. Students will research events that involved information that was disseminated in a way that engrossed a target audience in a positive or negative fashion. They will create a Google Slides presentation about the event (100 points). This will give them a sense of just how powerful the media and messages can be.
2. ​Students will use www.Bubbl.us to visually represent all of the ramifications associated with the event (100 points).
3. Students will formulate a hypothesis about the impact that social media can have on “believability” of “news” today. They will write a one-page essay in which they outline the ideals behind their hypothesis and post it to www.Edublogs.com (100 points). This essay should be persuasive and include elements of Ethos, Logos, Pathos, and other types of evidence.
4. Students will compose a poorly written tweet about their “news story” and one well-written tweet about their news story to try to determine if the wording of the tweets creates more enthusiastic responses (100 points). They will track the results and create a visual representation of them using www.onlinecharttools.com (100 points). They will also blog about the responses.
5. Students will research current events to determine which are “trending” using Twitter.com, www.hashtracking.com, CNN Student News, etc. Based upon this information, they will use www.storyboardthat.com to create a storyboard based upon the event. They will “modify” the event to alter the outcome (100 points). They will try to make their new “reality” as believable as possible. They will also blog about their experiences while doing this (www.edublogs.com).
6. Students will use www.celtx.com or www.plotbot.com to write original script about “story” they want to record. They will use www.Storyboardthat.com to visually represent the story (100 points). They will also post this to www.edublogs.com.
7. Students will record their “story” using www.audiotool.com, www.symbaloo.com, www.podbean.com, or www.wevideo.com. They will practice with the script and record two versions, one that is not read with emotion and one that is read with emotion (100 points). They will blog about this experience using www.edublogs.com.
8. Students will play their recordings to an “audience” they select. They will act as if the information is real and make note of the reactions of the “audience” (100 points). They will blog about this using www.edublogs.com.
9. Students will distribute a survey about the effectiveness of the message using www.surveymonkey.com or Google Forms. Based upon feedback, they will use www.onlinecharttools.com to create charts and graphs to represent the “believability” of the two recordings (100 points). They will blog about this using www.edublogs.com.
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10. Students will compose an overview of all of their experiences and blogs in one final post on www.Edublogs.com. They will be specific about what their expectations were before their “audience” heard their two recordings, what they noticed in terms of body language of the audience during the recordings, things the audience said, etc. (100 points).
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Summative
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Students will invite teachers, members of the media, the Guest speakers, etc. to their final presentations using evite.com. The audience will provide feedback based upon the quality of the research, the quality of the final product, and the presentation skills of the students (Google Forms-400 points). Those audience members who cannot be there in person can view the presentations on Skype or GoToMeeting. Students will assess themselves and their teammates using WebPA.
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-Extend—Provide additional challenges that allow students to apply knowledge- Students will receive feedback from the panel via SurveyMonkey or Google Forms. Based upon those assessments, students will have the opportunity to improve their podcasts and products.
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